A Study of Disaster Prevention Measures for National Heritage

doi:10.69756/jnh.2025.10.1.031

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2025 Vol.10, Issue 1 Preview Page

Article

A Study of Disaster Prevention Measures for National Heritage 국가문화유산 방재대책에 관한 고찰: 변민찬¹ㆍ백민호^2†
Byeon, Minchan¹ㆍBaek, Minho^2†; ¹강원대학교 소방방재학부 학석사연계과정
²강원대학교 소방방재학부 교수

¹Department of Fire & Disaster Prevention, Bachelor's and Master’s degree course School of Disaster Prevention Kangwon National University
²Professor, Department of Fire & Disaster Prevention, Kangwon National University

30 April 2025. pp. 31-41

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Abstract

This study conducted a multi-layered analysis of the increasing disaster vulnerability of national cultural heritage driven by climate change and socio-environmental changes. Focusing on the necessity of an integrated disaster prevention strategy for traditional wooden cultural properties, the study analyzed the March 2025 Uiseong wildfire case using drone technology. The extensive damage to Gounsa Temple’s wooden heritage was visualized to assess its vulnerability and the need for comprehensive disaster prevention environment surveys was reviewed. A field survey at OOO Temple was carried out, including both qualitative and quantitative assessments of structural, environmental, and human factors. The on-site investigation included facility inspections and interviews with key personnel to comprehensively assess the actual fire response system and management practices. The survey identified multiple vulnerabilities, such as the absence of firebreak forests, outdated firefighting infrastructure, and an aging workforce. Disaster prevention surveys for cultural heritage should not be limited to one-time checks but must combine regular diagnostics with digital monitoring technologies. Strengthening governance through community collaboration is essential to enhance resilience and secure proactive disaster preparedness for cultural heritage.

Keywords

Cultural heritage disaster prevention survey

Integrated disaster prevention strategy

National heritage disaster risk reduction

Climate change and risk

Integrated governance

본 연구는 기후변화 및 사회환경 변화에 따라 증가하는 국가문화유산의 재난 취약성을 다층적으로 분석하고 전통 목조건축 문화유산을 중심으로 한 통합적 방재전략의 필요성을 고찰하기 위해 드론을 활용하여 2025년 3월 경북 의성산불 사례를 분석하였다. 고운사 사찰 목조문화유산이 산불로 인한 대규모 피해 도식화 및 문화유산의 취약성을 파악하였고 방재환경조사의 필요성을 검토하였다. OOO사의 방재환경조사를 통해 시설적·환경적·인적 요소에 대한 정성적 및 정량적 평가를 시행하였다. 현장조사에서는 시설점검, 관계자 인터뷰 등 실제 화재 대응 체계와 관리 실태를 종합적으로 점검하였고 OOO사의 현장조사를 통해 방화수림 부재, 노후 소방시설, 고령화된 인적 구성 등 다수의 취약 요소가 확인되었다. 문화유산 방재환경조사는 일회성 점검이 아닌 정기적 진단과 디지털 기술 기반 모니터링을 결합해야 하며 지역사회와의 협력을 강화하여 거버넌스 체계를 확립하는 것이 중요하다. 이를 통해 문화유산의 회복탄력성을 향상시키고 재난에 대한 선제적 대응력을 확보해야 할 것이다.

키워드

문화유산 방재환경조사

통합적 방재전략

국가유산 방재

기후변화와 재난위험

통합 방재 거버넌스

References

NIKL. (2024). "Standard Korean Dictionary "Cultural Heritage" entry," National Institute of Korean Language, Seoul, Korea. Available online at: https://stdict.korean.go.kr/.
Park, J.H., Seo, K.T., Lee, M.G. (2019). Journal of the Society of Cultural Heritage Disaster Prevention, Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 15-27.
Kim, Y.J., Lee, D.H., Jung, S.K. (2008). Journal of Cultural Heritage Safety, Vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 45-56.
Shin, M.S., Kong, H.S. (2008). Journal of Conservation Science, Vol. 23, pp. 119-124.
Cultural Heritage Administration. (2025). "Announcement on cultural heritage damage due to wildfires," Maeil Shinmun, March 31.
Central Disaster and Safety Countermeasures Headquarters. (2025). "Comprehensive wildfire damage report for Gyeongbuk region," Kyongbuk Maeil Shinmun, March 29.
Kim, S., Lee, S., Yoon, K., Park, S. (2025). "Raging Uiseong Wildfire Engulfs Millennium-Old Gounsa Temple… Korea Forest Service: 'Complete Destruction Under Verification'," Yonhap News, March 25.
Baek, S. (2023). "Cultural heritage." Encyclopedia of Korean Culture. The Academy of Korean Studies, Seongnam, Korea.
Chong, S.W. (2022). Journal of the Society of Cultural Heritage Disaster Prevention, Vol. 7, No. 3, pp. 211-217.
10.69756/jnh.2022.7.3.211
Koo, W.H., Baek, M.H. (2019). Journal of the Korean Society of Disaster Information, Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 1-11.
Barriga Delgado, L.M., Pavlova, I., Yasukawa, S., Esperancinha, S. (2023). Progress in Landslide Research and Technology, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 209-213.
10.1007/978-3-031-16898-7_15
Sevieri, G., Galasso, C., D'Ayala, D., De Jesus, R., Oreta, A., Grio, M.E.D.A., Ibabao, R. (2020). Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, Vol. 20, No. 5, pp. 1391-1414.
10.5194/nhess-20-1391-2020
United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR). (2015). Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030. Geneva, Switzerland: UNDRR.
IPCC. (2014). Climate Change 2014: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Geneva, Switzerland: IPCC.

Information

Publisher :National Heritage Disaster Prevention Society
Publisher(Ko) :국가유산방재학회
Journal Title :Journal of the Society of Cultural Heritage Disaster Prevention
Journal Title(Ko) :저널국가유산
Volume : 10
No :1
Pages :31-41
DOI :https://doi.org/10.69756/jnh.2025.10.1.031

[1] NIKL. (2024). "Standard Korean Dictionary "Cultural Heritage" entry," National Institute of Korean Language, Seoul, Korea. Available online at: https://stdict.korean.go.kr/.

[2] Park, J.H., Seo, K.T., Lee, M.G. (2019). Journal of the Society of Cultural Heritage Disaster Prevention, Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 15-27.

[3] Kim, Y.J., Lee, D.H., Jung, S.K. (2008). Journal of Cultural Heritage Safety, Vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 45-56.

[4] Shin, M.S., Kong, H.S. (2008). Journal of Conservation Science, Vol. 23, pp. 119-124.

[5] Cultural Heritage Administration. (2025). "Announcement on cultural heritage damage due to wildfires," Maeil Shinmun, March 31.

[6] Central Disaster and Safety Countermeasures Headquarters. (2025). "Comprehensive wildfire damage report for Gyeongbuk region," Kyongbuk Maeil Shinmun, March 29.

[7] Kim, S., Lee, S., Yoon, K., Park, S. (2025). "Raging Uiseong Wildfire Engulfs Millennium-Old Gounsa Temple… Korea Forest Service: 'Complete Destruction Under Verification'," Yonhap News, March 25.

[8] Baek, S. (2023). "Cultural heritage." Encyclopedia of Korean Culture. The Academy of Korean Studies, Seongnam, Korea.

[9] Chong, S.W. (2022). Journal of the Society of Cultural Heritage Disaster Prevention, Vol. 7, No. 3, pp. 211-217.
10.69756/jnh.2022.7.3.211

[10] Koo, W.H., Baek, M.H. (2019). Journal of the Korean Society of Disaster Information, Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 1-11.

[11] Barriga Delgado, L.M., Pavlova, I., Yasukawa, S., Esperancinha, S. (2023). Progress in Landslide Research and Technology, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 209-213.
10.1007/978-3-031-16898-7_15

[12] Sevieri, G., Galasso, C., D'Ayala, D., De Jesus, R., Oreta, A., Grio, M.E.D.A., Ibabao, R. (2020). Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, Vol. 20, No. 5, pp. 1391-1414.
10.5194/nhess-20-1391-2020

[13] United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR). (2015). Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030. Geneva, Switzerland: UNDRR.

[14] IPCC. (2014). Climate Change 2014: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Geneva, Switzerland: IPCC.

Journal National Heritage ISSN:3022-9200(Print) 3022-9383(Online) 저널 국가유산

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