A Study on the Spatial Distribution and Diachronic Changes of Eave Types in Traditional Korean Wooden Architecture

doi:10.69756/jnh.2026.11.1.001

All Issue

2026 Vol.11, Issue 1 Next Page

Article

A Study on the Spatial Distribution and Diachronic Changes of Eave Types in Traditional Korean Wooden Architecture 한국 전통 목조건축 처마 유형의 공간 분포와 시대적 변화에 관한 연구: 이지훈^*ㆍ이재원^**ㆍ양현혁^***ㆍ남진우^****ㆍ문종욱^*****
Lee, Jihun^*ㆍLee, Jaewon^**ㆍYang, Hyeonhyeok^***ㆍNam, Jinwoo^****ㆍMoon, Jongwook^*****; ^* 주저자, 경남대학교 대학원 스마트건설기술공학 석사과정 (E-mail: wlgns3754@naver.com)
^** 경남대학교 대학원 스마트건설기술공학 석사과정 (E-mail: i071111@naver.com)
^*** 한방유비스 R&D센터 연구원 (E-mail: yhh6881@kfubis.com)
^**** 한방유비스 R&D센터 연구원 (E-mail: njw6891@kfubis.com)
^***** 교신저자, 정회원, 경남대학교 건축학부 교수(E-mail: mc8126@kyungnam.ac.kr)

^* Graduate School of Kyungnam University, Master's Program in Smart Construction Technology Engineering
^** Graduate School of Kyungnam University, Master's Program in Smart Construction Technology Engineering
^*** Researcher, Future Initiative R&D Center, KF UBIS CO., Ltd.
^**** Researcher, Future Initiative R&D Center, KF UBIS CO., Ltd
^***** Corresponding Author, Member, Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Kyungnam University

30 April 2026. pp. 1-8

PDF

Abstract

This study analyzes the distribution and historical changes of eaves types in 118 cases of traditional Korean wooden cultural heritage buildings based on drawings provided by the Korea Heritage Service. Eaves were classified into three types: buyeon, hwalju, and chulmok. The results show that buyeon eaves accounted for the largest proportion at 72.0%, followed by hwalju eaves at 22.0% and chulmok eaves at 6.0%. By period, the study identified a trend of chulmok eaves in the early period, an expansion of buyeon eaves after the Unified Silla and Goryeo periods, and an increase in hwalju eaves during the Joseon period. By building type, buyeon eaves were relatively dominant in palaces and temples, while hwalju eaves were more prevalent in seowon academies and pavilions. The significance of this study lies in its quantitative presentation of the distribution of eaves types based on a consistent classification standard.

Keywords

Traditional Korean architecture

Eaves structure

Eave rafter

Bracket

Eaves projection

본 연구는 국가유산청 도면 자료 기반 한국 전통 목조 문화유산 118건을 대상으로 처마 형식의 분포와 변천을 분석한 것이다. 처마는 부연처마, 활주처마, 출목처마로 구분하였다. 분석 결과, 부연처마가 72.0%로 가장 높은 비중을 차지하였고, 활주처마 22.0%, 출목처마 6.0%로 나타났다. 시대별로는 초기 출목처마, 통일신라·고려시대 이후 부연처마 확대, 조선시대 활주처마 증가의 경향이 확인되었다. 건축 유형별로는 궁궐과 사찰에서 부연처마, 서원과 정자에서 활주처마가 상대적으로 우세하였다. 본 연구는 처마 형식의 분포를 동일 기준으로 정량화했다는 데 의의가 있다.

키워드

한국 전통 목조건축

처마 구조

부연처마

활주처마

출목처마

References

Cho, C.H., Shin, Y.S., Cho, Y.H., Noh, S.Y., Kim, J.S. (2010). “A study on the structural reinforcement characteristics of eaves-corner members in traditional wooden hip-and-gable roof structures.” Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Structure & Construction, Vol. 26, No. 3, pp. 3-10.
Han, J.S., Oh, J.H. (2022). “A study on the plan scale and eave structure of the wooden Pagoda of Mireuksa Temple in Baekje.” Baekjehakbo, Vol. 42, pp. 59-87.
Han, W. (2021). “A phenomenal analysis of related dimensions affecting eaves in Korean wooden architecture.” The Journal of Korean Traditional Culture, Vol. 27, pp. 7-39.
Han, W. (2021). “A study on the period when Buyeon (浮椽) began to be used in ancient Korean architecture.” Korean Journal of Heritage: History and Science, Vol. 54, No. 3, pp. 90-105.
Kim, J.S., Cho, C.H., Shin, Y.S., Yoo, M.H., Park, C.G. (2011). “A study on the structural re-reinforcement characteristics of eaves-corner members in traditional wooden structures.” Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Structure & Construction, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp. 21-29.
Kim, Y.M., Kim, W.J., Kim, H.S., Jung, S.J., Kim, D.M. (2011). “Evaluation of residual performance according to weathering damage of rafters in traditional architecture.” Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Structure & Construction, Vol. 27, No. 9, pp. 45-52.
Kim, Y.R., Seong, D.C., Park, K.C. (2010). “A study on the eaves curve of the gable roof.” Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea, Vol. 26, No. 11, pp. 151-160.
Lee, W.J. (2010). “A study on the wooden components of double-eaved traditional Korean wooden buildings - A comparison between the components of existing Korean buildings and Chinese official architectural documents -.” Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea, Vol. 26, No. 7, pp. 127-134.
National Heritage Administration. (2024). “2024 National Heritage Repair Standard Specifications.”
National Heritage Administration. (2024). “National Heritage Portal.”
Sung, D.C., Park, K.C., (2010). “A study on the estimation of dimensions and eaves features in traditional wooden architecture - Focused on one-storied buildings designated as cultural assets -.” Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea, Vol. 26, No. 12, pp. 155-162.

Information

Publisher :National Heritage Disaster Prevention Society
Publisher(Ko) :국가유산방재학회
Journal Title :Journal of the Society of Cultural Heritage Disaster Prevention
Journal Title(Ko) :저널국가유산
Volume : 11
No :1
Pages :1-8
DOI :https://doi.org/10.69756/jnh.2026.11.1.001

[1] Cho, C.H., Shin, Y.S., Cho, Y.H., Noh, S.Y., Kim, J.S. (2010). “A study on the structural reinforcement characteristics of eaves-corner members in traditional wooden hip-and-gable roof structures.” Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Structure & Construction, Vol. 26, No. 3, pp. 3-10.

[2] Han, J.S., Oh, J.H. (2022). “A study on the plan scale and eave structure of the wooden Pagoda of Mireuksa Temple in Baekje.” Baekjehakbo, Vol. 42, pp. 59-87.

[3] Han, W. (2021). “A phenomenal analysis of related dimensions affecting eaves in Korean wooden architecture.” The Journal of Korean Traditional Culture, Vol. 27, pp. 7-39.

[4] Han, W. (2021). “A study on the period when Buyeon (浮椽) began to be used in ancient Korean architecture.” Korean Journal of Heritage: History and Science, Vol. 54, No. 3, pp. 90-105.

[5] Kim, J.S., Cho, C.H., Shin, Y.S., Yoo, M.H., Park, C.G. (2011). “A study on the structural re-reinforcement characteristics of eaves-corner members in traditional wooden structures.” Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Structure & Construction, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp. 21-29.

[6] Kim, Y.M., Kim, W.J., Kim, H.S., Jung, S.J., Kim, D.M. (2011). “Evaluation of residual performance according to weathering damage of rafters in traditional architecture.” Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Structure & Construction, Vol. 27, No. 9, pp. 45-52.

[7] Kim, Y.R., Seong, D.C., Park, K.C. (2010). “A study on the eaves curve of the gable roof.” Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea, Vol. 26, No. 11, pp. 151-160.

[8] Lee, W.J. (2010). “A study on the wooden components of double-eaved traditional Korean wooden buildings - A comparison between the components of existing Korean buildings and Chinese official architectural documents -.” Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea, Vol. 26, No. 7, pp. 127-134.

[9] National Heritage Administration. (2024). “2024 National Heritage Repair Standard Specifications.”

[10] National Heritage Administration. (2024). “National Heritage Portal.”

[11] Sung, D.C., Park, K.C., (2010). “A study on the estimation of dimensions and eaves features in traditional wooden architecture - Focused on one-storied buildings designated as cultural assets -.” Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea, Vol. 26, No. 12, pp. 155-162.

Journal National Heritage ISSN:3022-9200(Print) 3022-9383(Online) 저널 국가유산

All Issue